如何解決新TOEFL托福考試閱讀部分中的總結題

  總結題主要目的:考查學生理解和識別主要內容和文中所提及重要的資訊。  這類考題的特點:  有六個選

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  總結題主要目的:考查學生理解和識別主要內容和文中所提及重要的資訊。

  這類考題的特點:

  有六個選項,你可以從中選出三個最能表達主要思想的句子。這類考題分值是2分,選出三個得2分,選出2 個得1分,順序選擇不影響得分。

  Direction

  An introductory sentence or a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the three answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points

  解決這類考題的方法:

  一、清楚文章的論證類型

  總分型一般容易出這類考題。我以中文為例,麗麗老師是一個非常好的人。首先,她很樂於助人例如一次我看見她扶一個盲人過馬路,其次麗麗老師很慷慨,有一次我看見她為希望工程捐了她當時兜裡的全部錢(50元),第三麗麗很謙虛和平易近人。

  這樣的文章特別容易出總結題

  Lily is a nice person

   1

   3

   5

  1麗麗樂於助人

  2麗麗扶一個盲人過馬路

  3麗麗老師很慷慨,

  4老餘捐了100

  5麗麗很謙虛和平易近人

  6麗麗經常打架

  正確答案應該是 135

  二、解決方法:

  一)主體詞排除錯誤選項法

  首先抓住要總結的關鍵字也就是主體詞,就是要問哪方向的內容,如上個例子,主體題麗麗一定會在正確答案中出現,不然問的是麗麗可以答案談論的是別人,就變得完全不相關了,根據這個特點我們可以排除 4老餘捐了100

  如OG上的一道總結題可以直接使用主體詞排除錯誤選項的方法

  The technology of modern cinema evolved at the end of the nineteenth century.

   3

   5

   6

  1 Kinetoscope parlors or viewing films were modeled on phonograph parlors

  2 Thomas Edison‘s design of the Kinetoscope inspired the development of large screen projection.

  3 Early cinema allowed individuals to use special machines to view films privately.

  4 Slides-and-lantern shows had been presented.

  5 The development of projection technology made it possible to project images on a large screen

  6 once films images could be projected the cinema became a form of mass consumption

  其中只有三個選項有本問題的關鍵字,本問題的關鍵字是 the technology of cinema.

  二)細節資訊排除法

  總結題是對對文章的高度概括所以細節的出現犯了以偏概全的錯誤,如中文例子中的2、麗麗扶一個盲人過馬路。這是一個具體的事實細節,我們要繞過例子看總結。所以在排除它。

  如OG中的一道題目

  This passage discusses fossils that help to explain the likely origins of cetaceans-whales porpoises and dolphins

   1

   2

   5

  Answer choices

  1 Recent discoveries of fossils have helped to show he link between land mammals and cetaceans(這是本文的主題)

  2The discovery of Ambulocetus natans provided evidence for a whale that lived both on land and at sea.(總結性資訊)

  3The skeleton of Basilosaurus are found in what had been the Tehys Sea an area rich in fossil evidence. (絕對的事實細節)-排除

  4 Pakicetus is the oldest fossil whale yet to be found((絕對的事實細節)-排除

  5Fossils thought to be transitional forms between walking mammals and swimming whales were found……(主題)

  6Ambulocetus‘hind legs were used for propulsion in the water. ((絕對的事實細節)-排除

  三)新資訊出現排除

  如6、麗麗經常打架,原文沒有出現,所以正確答案中一定沒有。

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