愛薇塔樂學英文

校園生活場景下有很多典型的西方教育的學習及相關場景。考生若想要在此類場景穩操勝券就必須對西方的高等

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校園生活場景下有很多典型的西方教育的學習及相關場景。考生若想要在此類場景穩操勝券就必須對西方的高等教育體制、教學方式和留學生在西方的學習概況等有一些瞭解。那麼朗閣海外考試研究中心通過對歷年雅思考試真題的不斷總結和研究，探出該場景的出題思路，發現其主要集中了以下三大考點特徵：

î 考點之一：學術主題討論

u 關鍵字匯：Lecture, tutorial, seminar, presentation etc.

在很多西方教學理念中，培養學生獨立學習的意識和能力是最重要的理念之一，這種理念滲透到了學校教學的方方面面。學校鼓勵學生主動學習，而不是被動聽課和死記硬背。要求學生獨立地進行研究，收集和分析自己或團隊獲取的資料，勇於提出問題，勇於向老師和同學進行符合邏輯性的爭辯。

課堂上，教師除講解外，更多的是給予學生啟迪，讓學生思考和發表觀點。有什麼疑問，學生課後可以直接去找老師預約時間見面。此外，教師還會要求學生安排相當時間在圖書館或實驗室做自我研究工作，鼓勵學生主動地進行學習和科研，從而激發學生的創新意識。

以上的種種均是去往西方海外留學必將經歷的。因此，在考試中，考生經常能聽到學生和學生之間或老師和學生之間的討論，有對學習方法的討論，也有對某一學術主題展開討論。

而一般來講，這些討論會以lecture/report, tutorial、seminar、presentation等形式展開。

Ø Lecture

lecture一般以老師講，學生聽為主，可能當中提出一些問題。

【典型範例】:

Instruction: Dr. Linda Graycar who is from the City Institute for the Blind is talking about the system of writing for the blind known as Braille.

1. What can the combined dots represent?

A both letters and words

B only individual words

C only letters of the alphabet

2. What is unusual about the way Braille is written?

A It can only be written using a machine.

B The texts have to be read backwards.

C Handwritten Braille is created in reverse.

【範例原文】:

Dr. Graycar: Well, it's a system of touch reading which uses an arrangement of raised dots called a cell. Braille numbered the dot positions 1-2-3 downward on the left and 4-5-6 downward on the right, The letters of the alphabet are then formed by using different combinations of these dots.

Student: So is the writing system based on the alphabet with each word being individually spelt out?

Dr. Graycar: Well ... it's not quite that simple, I'm afraid!For instance, the first 10 letters of the alphabet are Formed using dots 1, 2, 4 and 5. But Braille also has its own short forms for common words. For example, 'b' for the word 'but' and 'h' for 'have' – there are many other contractions like this.

Student: Can it be written by hand or do you need a machine to produce Braille?

Dr. Graycar: Well, you can write it by hand on to paper with a device called a slate and stylus but the trick is that you have to write backwards . . . e.g. from right to left so that then when you turn your sheet over, the dots face upwards and can be read like English from left to right.

【範例分析】: 範例是一位元教授介紹一種盲文體。在教授的演講中，會有學生不間斷的提出一些問題，很多時候，在講座中穿插的一些問題即考點所在。朗閣海外考試研究中心提醒考生，在lecture或report過程中，有提問就會有考點！

【範例答案】: 1. A

2. C

Ø Tutorial

Tutorial指小班授課，一般是在導師的指導下，學生就某個學術主題展開討論或者研究探討學習策略、論文或者對別人的文章進行評論。也可能是對導師Lecture中涉及的某些知識內容或者案例進行討論。

【典型範例】:

Complete the tables below.

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS or A NUMBER for each answer.

Dissertation Tutorial Record

Name: Sandy Gibbons

【範例原文】: TUTOR: Hello, Sandy. How have you been getting on with your dissertation?

SANDY: Fine, and I’ve been working hard on the various action points we agreed on our last tutorial.

TUTOR: Do you want to talk me through what you’ve done?

SANDY: Yeah, sure. Well, we agreed on three main targets for me to aim for. The first one was to find out about suitable data analysis software.

TUTOR: Yes.

SANDY: And what I decided to do was to look through catalogues specializing in IT.

TUTOR: That’s a good idea. What did you come up with?

SANDY: I found the names of two promising ones.

TUTOR: Right.

SANDY: But I also thought it’d be worthwhile talking to a lecturer.

TUTOR: Oh right. Who did you see?

SANDY: Jane Prince. Do you know her? She’s in the Computer Centre.

TUTOR: Yes, of course, she’s the new Head.

(………………………………………………………….)

TUTOR: So, let’s look at some new targets. We’ll start by having a chat about your Chapter One. I very much enjoyed reading it. Your written style is very clear and you’ve included lots of interesting descriptions of education in your target area. I’ve just got a couple of suggestions for some additional work.

SANDY: Of course. Could I just ask – what do you think I should call it?

TUTOR: Well, I’d go for something like Context Review.

What do you think?

SANDY: Well, short and to the point.

TUTOR: Exactly. Now, as regards specific areas to work on, I’d be quite interested to have a few more statistics about the schools in the different zones.

SANDY: Oh, that wouldn’t be a problem. I can get them from the Internet.

TUTOR: Great, and although you did make a reference to quite a few different writers, I think you should aim to cite more works written later than 2000.

SANDY: OK. That’s more difficult, but I can try. When do you want that done by?

TUTOR: Oh, it’s not urgent. Um I should aim for the end of term. But in meantime, I think you should also be thinking about Chapter Two.

【範例分析】: 範例是以tutorial形式，發生在學生和輔導老師之間。討論的內容主要集中在論文的資料分析、軟體使用、參考數目及章節題目的設定。朗閣海外考試研究中心提醒考生，海外留學時，絕大部分的大學裡，每一個學生都會有個人輔導老師，在學習或生活中的任何問題都可以尋求輔導老師的幫助。比如論文的寫作方式、結構、材料的收集方法等等，均可以事先與導師交流，並徵求導師的意見。

【範例答案】: 1. Catalogues

2. Computer Centre

3. Review

4. School

5. (the year) 2000

6. end of term