愛薇塔樂學英文

　　本期難句分析：　　1.Everyone should know where the nearest fire alarm box is located and where ex

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　　本期難句分析：

　　1.Everyone should know where the nearest fire alarm box is located and where exits， fire escapes， and fire doors are.

　　結構：本句有三個謂語動詞，其中主句的謂語動詞為should know，其餘兩個都是由where引導的並列賓語從句。本句可以拆分為：

　　1） Everyone should know.

　　2） Where the nearest fire alarm box is located.

　　3） Where exits， fire escapes， and fire doors are.

　　翻譯：每個人都應該知道最近的火災報警箱的位置，以及安全出口、安全梯及防火門位於何處。

　　2.The way space is used to enable the individual to achieve privacy， to build homes or to design cities is culturally influenced.

　　結構：本句有2個謂語動詞，其中第二個is influenced是主句的謂語動詞，主幹是The way is culturally influenced.第一個is used是定語從句的謂語動詞，但是該定語從句省略了引導詞。定語從句中三個並列的不定式短語動詞to achieve privacy， to build homes or to design cities共同作為is used的目的狀語。本句可以拆分為：

　　1） The way is culturally influenced.

　　2） Space is used to enable the individual to achieve privacy， to build homes or to design cities.

　　翻譯：怎樣利用空間來獲得個人隱私、建造家園以及設計城市都會受到文化的影響。

　　3. I wanted her to know that my heart was with her， and that I thought England owed her a great debt and was going to miss her.

　　結構：本句有5個謂語動詞，其中主句的謂語動詞為wanted.was和thought分別屬於兩個由that引導的並列賓語從句。而owed和was going為兩個並列的謂語動詞，共同主語為England.England這句話前面為了避免重複而省略了賓語從句的引導詞that，實際上是thought的賓語從句。本句可以拆分為：

　　1） I wanted her to know.

　　2） That my heart was with her.

　　3） That I thought.

　　4）（That） England owed her a great debt and was going to miss her.

　　翻譯：我想讓她知道我的心陪伴著她，而且我認為英國欠了她一大筆債，很快就會想念她。

　　4.Keeping your head，（instead of crowding and pushing to get to an exit）， may make the difference between life and death when fire breaks out.

　　結構：本句有兩個謂語動詞，其中主句的謂語動詞為may make，其主語是動名詞短語keeping your head.breaks out是when引導的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞。插入語（instead of…）中的crowding和pushing兩個動名詞是平行並列結構。本句可以拆分為：

　　1） Keeping your head may make the difference between life and death.

　　2） When fire breaks out.

　　翻譯：當發生火災時，保持頭腦冷靜，而不是向安全出口擁堵，能夠帶來生與死的不同結果。

　　5.Neither friends nor family can convince phobic people that most animals are harmless， that thousands of travelers fly safely everyday， and millions of people ride safely in elevators several times each day.

　　結構：本句有4個謂語動詞，其中主句的謂語動詞為can convince，其主語為Neither friends nor family.其餘三個謂語動詞全是convince的賓語從句的謂語動詞，其中最後一個從句前面省略了that.拆分為：

　　1） Neither friends nor family can convince phobic people.

　　2） That most animals are harmless.

　　3） That thousands of travelers fly safely everyday.

　　4）（That） millions of people ride … each day.

　　翻譯：朋友及家庭成員都無法說服恐懼症患者，使其相信大多數動物都無害，無數旅行者每天安全地飛行，上百萬人每天都多次安全地乘坐電梯。

　　6.Millions of people travel about the country by rail， by bus， or by automobile， or drive to and from their places of work and their homes.

　　結構：本句有2個謂語動詞，都是並列的主句謂語動詞。三個並列的by…， by…， by…作為travel的方式狀語。本句可以拆分為：

　　1） Millions of people travel about the country by rail， by bus， or by automobile.

　　2） Millions of people drive to and from their places of work and their homes.

　　翻譯：上百萬人乘坐火車、公車或者小汽車在周遊全國，或者開車往返於工作地點和家庭處所之間。

　　7.Here we have a little child， without knowledge or experience； there a grown-up person with fully developed mental powers.

　　結構：本句只有一個謂語動詞have.here…there屬於平行並列結構，表示兩個事物的對比狀態，相當於the one …， the other …。

　　翻譯：一方是一個沒有任何知識或者經驗的小孩，另一方是一個有著健全發展的智力的成年人。

　　8. There are relay races in running and swimming in summer， and relay in skiing in winter.

　　結構：本句只有一個there be句型。relay races和relay並列作為主語。本句可以拆分為：

　　1） There are relay races in running … in summer.

　　2） There are relay in skiing in winter.

　　翻譯：夏季有賽跑和游泳賽接力賽，冬季有滑雪比賽。

　　9.But we remember （with far greater pain） that we did not see that beauty when it flowered， that we failed to respond with love when it was tendered.

　　結構：本句有5個謂語動詞，其中remember是主句的謂語動詞，被（with far greater pain）分隔了兩個並列的賓語從句that we did not see…和that we failed to…。本句可以拆分為：

　　1） But we remember with far greater pain.

　　2） That we did not see that beauty.

　　3） When it flowered.

　　4） That we failed to respond with love.

　　5） When it was tendered.

　　翻譯：但是我們更加痛苦地回憶著，當花兒開放時我們沒有看到她的美麗，在別人給予我們愛的時候也沒有用愛來做出回報。

　　10.This is not an easy lesson to learn， especially when we are young and think that the world is ours to command， that whatever we desire （with the full force of our passionate being） can be ours.

　　結構：本句有6個謂語動詞，其中主句的謂語動詞為is.think後面有兩個並列的由that引導的賓語從句，而第二個賓語從句裡面有一個由whatever引導的主語從句。（with the full force of our passionate being）分隔了主語從句和其謂語can be.being是動名詞。本句可以拆分為：

　　1） This is not an easy lesson to learn.

　　2） Especially when we are young and think.

　　3） That the world is ours to command.

　　4） That whatever we desire can be ours.

　　翻譯：這不是容易學會的一課，尤其是當我們還年輕，認為這個世界是由我們掌控，而且認為無論我們渴望得到什麼，只要充滿激情、全力以赴，就能實現。

　　11.More than three million people live in inner London， and nearly five million people live in the surrounding suburban area， which is made up of formerly separate villages that have merged to form what is now called outer London.

　　結構：本句有5個謂語動詞，其中主句的謂語動詞為兩個並列的live.which引導非限定性定語從句修suburban area；that引導定語從句修飾villages，而what引導form的賓語從句。可以拆分為：

　　1） More than … people live in inner London.

　　2） And nearly five million people live in …area.

　　3） The area is made up of … villages.

　　4） The villages have merged to form.

　　5） What is now called outer London.

　　翻譯：三百多萬人住在倫敦市區，將近五百多萬人住在周邊郊區——該地區由以前分散的村莊組成，後來逐漸合併形成今天所謂的外部倫敦。

　　12.The journey and the stay are （by definition） outside the normal places of residence and work and are of short-term and temporary nature， and there is a clear intention to return home within a relatively short period of time.

　　結構：本句有三個並列的主句謂語動詞。兩個are的共同主語是the journey and the stay.（by definition）分割了are和表語outside the normal places.nature在這裡表示“本質、性質”的意思。本句可以拆分為：

　　1） The journey and the stay are outside the normal places of residence and work.

　　2） The journey and the stay are of short-term and temporary nature.

　　3） There is a clear intention to return home …

　　翻譯：（旅遊中的）旅程和停留從定義上講是在通常的居住和工作處所之外的，而且有一種短暫的性質。在短期之內，還要有一個明確的回家的意圖。

　　13.The limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.

　　結構：本句有3個謂語動詞，其中第二個are focused是主句的謂語動詞。rather than意思是“而非”，其前後並列兩個on引導的介詞短語。拆分為：

　　1） The limited investments are … focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills.

　　2） The investments are made in training workers.

　　3） The skills make it possible to absorb new technologies.

　　翻譯：用於培訓工人的有限投資也被集中用在訓練完成下一個工作的必要技能上，而非用在可以吸收新技術的基本技能培訓上。

　　14.We have tried to isolate some of the key factors that govern service quality， and offer examples of organizations that manage service well and of some that manage it poorly.

　　結構：本句有4個謂語動詞，其中主句的謂語動詞為have tried，不定式to後面並列兩個動詞isolate和offer.兩個of並列作為examples的後置定語。of some指代的是of some organizations.本句可以拆分為：

　　1） We have tried to isolate some of the key factors. and offer examples of organizations and of some.

　　2） Factors govern service quality.

　　3） Organizations manage service well.

　　4） Organizations manage it poorly.

　　翻譯：我們力圖挑選出一些控制服務品質的關鍵因素，並且提供一些例子來說明某些機構把服務管理得很好，而有些卻很差。

　　15. Human beings have distinguished themselves from other animals， and in doing so ensured their survival， by the ability to observe and understand their environment and then either to adapt to that environment or to control and adapt it to their own needs.

　　結構：本句只有2個謂語動詞have distinguished和have ensured.主幹是Human beings have distinguished themselves … and … ensured their survival.by引導的方式狀語後面並列了多個動詞不定式to observe and understand…/to adapt to…/to control and adapt it to…，作為ability的修飾成分。

　　翻譯：人類已經將自己與其他動物區分開來，並且通過這樣做來確保自己的生存，所依靠的就是通過觀察和理解周圍的環境，然後適應，控制並且改造該環境，使其適合自己需要的能力。

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