TOEFL托福閱讀插空題的答題方法
線索詞類型：
第一類：代詞 eg. this, it, they
如果要插入的句子中有代詞，可是代詞所指代的內容又沒有出現在句子本身，那麼我們就可以根據代詞的單複數等性質找到它指代的內容，再插入到該句之後。
For example:
Where would the sentence best fit?
This is a question that has puzzled scientists for ages.
Extinct but already fully marine cetaceans are known from the fossil record. ■How was the gap between a walking mammal and a swimming whale bridged? ■Missing until recently were fossils clearly intermediate, or transitional, between land mammals and cetaceans. ■Very exciting discoveries have finally allowed scientists to reconstruct the most likely origins of cetaceans. ■In 1979, a team looking for fossils in northern Pakistan found what proved to be the oldest fossil whale.
看到了this，明顯指代的是前文所提到的內容。再根據句子後半部分a question that has puzzled scientists for ages, 瞭解到this的指代內容原來是個question, 並且是科學難題呀。再看原文的四個插入點，第二個就明顯很合適了。
第二類：名詞 eg. 在句子中的形式一般為：this/these/such/another…+名詞
如果句子中的線索詞不是第一類的代詞，而是以第二類的這種形式出現，那麼這個最後的名詞就是我們的線索詞，童鞋們要對於這個詞保持敏感。這個名詞一般會在原文已經出現過，我們要找到這個地方，再把句子插入適當的位置。之後要考慮句子插入後是否與插入口後面的句子保持正確的邏輯關係，如果邏輯通順，就OK啦!
For example：
Where would the sentence best fit?
This economic reliance on livestock in certain regions makes large tracts of land susceptible to overgrazing.
■ the raising of livestock is a major economic activity in semiarid lands, where grasses are generally the dominant type of natural vegetation. ■The consequences of an excessive number of livestock grazing in an area are the reduction of the vegetation cover and the trampling and pulverization of the soil. ■This is usually followed by the drying of the soil and accelerated erosion.■
這裡的線索詞就是economic reliance,回去原文找根源，第二個插入口前面一句the raise of livestock is a major economic activity…，發現economic reliance就是major economic activity就是同義轉換。但是這個時候不要過於著急把句子插進第二個插入口，你想一下啊，有可能作者在說這個topic的時候，有可能用了幾個句子來闡述，所以要嚴謹一些，看看如果插入第二個口，和右邊句子的意思是否能銜接。這個例子中，插入句子描寫了一個不好的結果—overgrazing，而第二個插入口後一句話就是寫了consequences of excessive grazing,因此邏輯上也是通順的，可以安心地把句子放在第二個插入口啦!
第三類：邏輯詞 eg.however/but /thus/accordingly/consequently/hence ...
以上兩類線索詞都是根據文中的語法聯繫來解題的，可是有些題目中的插入句沒有這兩類線索詞，那麼它的線索詞就可能是一些表示因果、轉折等各種邏輯關係的邏輯詞，舉例來說就是，however/but…這類表轉折和 thus/accordingly …這類表因果關係的詞，相信大家在寫作的時候已經把這些詞倒背如流了吧!這一類的插入題可能比前兩類線索詞的題要相對難一些，因為干擾項會比較強大，但是只要細心，理清前後句的邏輯關係，童鞋們還是可以攻克滴!
For example:
Where would the sentence best fit?
Consequently, tunas do not need to suck in water.
■Because they are always swimming, tunas simply have to open their mouths and water is forced in and over their gills.■Accordingly, they have lost most of the muscles that other fishes use to suck in water and push it past the gills. ■In fact, tunas must swim to breathe. ■They must also keep swimming to keep from sinking, since most have largely or completely lost the swim bladder, the gas-filled sac that helps most other fish remain buoyant.
這個題目中，插入局句首的consequently就是一個表結果的線索詞，表明前文所說的事情導致了tunas 不需要吸入水。我們看到第二個插入點的前一句話說，tunas張開嘴，水就會被推進他們的嘴裡，如果把插入句放在這句後面邏輯上是十分連貫的。可是一些人會覺得第三個插入點也很合適，因為這個插入點的前一句說，tunas失去了其他魚用來吸水的肌肉，如果後面說tunas不需要吸水貌似也合理，但是要注意，插入句用的是需要(need)，如果tunas失去了肌肉，那麼就是不是需不需要，而是可不可以了。插入第二個插入點後，再檢查下前後文的連貫，發現很適合。如果放在第三個插入點的話，和後文的銜接就會變得奇怪。因此，童鞋們要細心一些，記得檢查!
對於託福閱讀中三類線索詞的方法解析就是這些啦，各位童鞋對於插入題的做題方法應該也會有所體會和收穫了吧!
最後總結一下嘍，託福閱讀-插空題三步走：
步驟1：在要插入的句子中找到線索詞
步驟2：通讀原文，找到滿足線索詞插入的地方
步驟3：瞻前顧後，檢查插入後原文前後的邏輯和表達是否通順
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